… investigates Wicked Problems and devises improvisational responses
Change Requirements Are Emergent
We cannot define a boundary for organizational change or predict what will be involved in advance. IT and business process change present a wicked problem, involving learning and design processes that proceed largely by trial and error
Wicked Problems
Organizational problems are wicked problems. They are subjective, interconnected, and negotiated – the problems you see depend on who is involved in the change process
Emergence
Understand that organizational and IT change are improvisational – we need approaches that revisit requirements for change periodically
Systemic Thinking
Experience a new way of seeing the world by mapping and exploring connected problems and processes
Knowledge Management
Effective design depends on involving people who understand the areas to be changed. Only the people who do the work can understand how it needs to be improved – and why
Project Management
We cannot define a boundary for organizational change, predict the organizational groups and processes that will need to be involved, or accurately plan a timescale to completion,
Human-Centered Design
Treating IT systems support as the driver of organizational change is disastrous. We need to see IT as serving human activity, not the other way around